SS-31 (Mitochondrial Targeted Peptide) – Elamipretide / MTP-131

Product Overview

SS-31 (Elamipretide), belonging to the Szeto-Schiller (SS) peptide series, is an advanced synthetic, aromatic-cationic tetrapeptide engineered to target and penetrate the inner mitochondrial membrane. Unlike generalized systemic antioxidants, SS-31 localizes directly to the mitochondria where it binds selectively to the phospholipid cardiolipin. By protecting this critical structural component, SS-31 is a premier compound for advanced research into mitochondrial bioenergetics, the preservation of cellular energy pathways under oxidative stress, and the restoration of electron transport chain efficiency.

Technical Specifications

• Molecular Formula: C32H49N9O5

• Molecular Weight: 639.8 g/mol

• CAS Number: 736992-21-5

• Sequence Profile: H-D-Arg-Dmt-Lys-Phe-NH2 (where Dmt is 2,6-dimethyl-L-tyrosine, featuring cationic residues for electrostatic attraction and aromatic residues for hydrophobic insertion into the lipid bilayer)

Mechanism of Action

SS-31 exerts its profound cellular effects through targeted, structural preservation rather than direct free-radical scavenging:

• Cardiolipin Binding: Driven by electrostatic attraction, SS-31 selectively concentrates in the inner mitochondrial membrane to bind and protect cardiolipin.

• Cytochrome c Regulation: By binding cardiolipin, it modulates the cytochrome c/cardiolipin interaction, ensuring cytochrome c maintains its critical role as an electron carrier rather than shifting into a pathological peroxidase that degrades the membrane.

• Cristae Architecture Preservation: Helps preserve the finely stacked cristae structure of the inner membrane during ischemic stress, supporting the assembly and stability of respiratory supercomplexes.

• Bioenergetic Restoration: Optimizes electron transport chain function, effectively lowering mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) leakage and improving the overall efficiency of ATP synthesis.

Primary Research Applications

SS-31 is an indispensable compound for in vitro and animal model studies investigating:

• Mitochondrial Bioenergetics and ATP Synthesis Efficiency

• Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury (Cardiac and Renal models)

• Cardiolipin-Directed Cellular Protection and Inner Membrane Biology

• Age-Related Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Skeletal Muscle Decline

• Neurodegeneration Models and Synaptic Preservation

Storage & Handling

For optimal long-term stability and structural integrity, store lyophilized powder securely at -4°F (-20°C). Reconstituted solutions should be strictly refrigerated at 36°F to 46°F (2°C to 8°C) and protected from light to preserve the peptide sequence.

⚠️ Important Disclaimer for Carbon Nova Labs Customers: All information provided is for educational and reference purposes only. SS-31 is sold strictly for laboratory research use only. This compound is not approved by the FDA for human consumption, therapeutic use, or clinical application. Ensure compliance with all institutional safety protocols and consult qualified professionals before conducting research.