Thymosin Alpha-1 (Immunomodulatory Peptide) – Tα1 / Thymalfasin

Product Overview

Thymosin Alpha-1 (Tα1) is a highly validated, 28-amino-acid peptide originally isolated from thymic tissue. Unlike most research peptides, Tα1 is a clinically recognized immunomodulator approved in over 35 countries for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B/C, immune deficiency states, and as a potent chemotherapy adjuvant. It is a premier compound for advanced research into T-cell maturation, the orchestration of Th1-polarized immune responses, and the activation of dendritic cell-mediated host defense mechanisms.

Technical Specifications

• Molecular Formula: C129H215N33O55

• Molecular Weight: 3108.3 g/mol

• CAS Number: 62304-98-7

• Sequence Profile: Ac-Ser-Asp-Ala-Ala-Val-Asp-Thr-Ser-Ser-Glu-Ile-Thr-Thr-Lys-Asp-Leu-Lys-Glu-Lys-Lys-Glu-Val-Val-Glu-Glu-Ala-Glu-Asn

Mechanism of Action

Thymosin Alpha-1 functions as a broad-spectrum immune orchestrator rather than a simple stimulant, acting through highly regulated intracellular pathways:

• Dendritic Cell Activation: Directly engages Toll-like receptors (TLR2 and TLR9), triggering MyD88-dependent NF-kB signaling. This enhances dendritic cell maturation, upregulates CD80/CD86/MHC-II expression, and optimizes antigen presentation for T-cell priming.

• T-Cell Maturation & Lineage Commitment: Promotes the differentiation of thymocyte precursors into mature, functional T-cell subsets (helper and cytotoxic), significantly increasing peripheral T-cell repertoire diversity and immunocompetence.

• Th1 Polarization: Shifts the immune balance toward a Th1-predominant profile by promoting the production of critical pro-inflammatory cytokines like IFN-gamma and IL-2, which are essential for robust antiviral and antitumor responses.

• Immune Tolerance Induction: Uniquely balances activation with tolerance by promoting regulatory T-cell (Treg) induction, thereby mitigating the risk of autoimmune overactivation—a distinction from conventional immunostimulants.

Primary Research Applications

Thymosin Alpha-1 is a critical compound for in vitro and animal model studies investigating:

• Advanced Adaptive Immune System Reconstitution

• Antiviral Immunotherapy and Adjuvant Therapy Models

• Vaccine Efficacy Enhancement (Particularly in immunocompromised/elderly populations)

• Oncology Research (Tumor-specific immune surveillance and adjuvant support)

• Immunosenescence and Age-Related T-Cell Decline

Storage & Handling

For optimal long-term stability and structural integrity, store lyophilized powder securely at -4°F (-20°C) and protect strictly from light. Reconstituted solutions should be kept refrigerated at 36°F to 46°F (2°C to 8°C) and utilized promptly in accordance with established laboratory protocols.

⚠️ Important Disclaimer for Carbon Nova Labs Customers: All information provided is for educational and reference purposes only. Thymosin Alpha-1 is sold strictly for laboratory research use only. This compound is not approved by the FDA for human consumption, therapeutic use, or clinical application. Ensure compliance with all institutional safety protocols and consult qualified professionals before conducting research.